Mother Jones International Fund for Documentary Photography 

Shehzad Noorani

UNCA - Oct. 30-
Nov. 29, 2000

 

Badner

Cypriano

De Cesare

Li Lang

Mohdad

Moore

Noorani

Onwuemegbulem

 

Sex Workers in Bangladesh

Bangladesh - 2000 Award Winner

With more than half its population living below the poverty line, Bangladesh remains one of the poorest countries in the world. As in other countries, poverty, low social status, and lack of opportunities for education and employment have forced many women to become sex workers. Prostitution in East Bengal is a centuries-old profession. However, "civilized" society has always managed to deny the existence of sex workers. In the early nineteenth century, the Decennial Census of India categorized sex workers as "non-agricultural, unskilled labor." In 1991 the national census of Bangladesh categorized them as beggars and vagrants under the subheading of "miscellaneous."

According to the non-governmental organizations, over 150,000 women are involved in prostitution in Bangladesh while government statistics acknowledge only 9,000. The social status of sex workers in Bengali society is considered so low, that they are not allowed to wear shoes or sandals outside the brothel. Even death fails to end their misery. Regardless if a prostitute is Hindu, Muslim or Christian, she is denied basis funeral rites. When sex workers die in Daulatdia, a brothel near Padma River, their bodies are just thrown in the river.

Prior to 1995, NGO's simply ignored the brothels. However, the threat of HIV/AIDS and its prevention programs rapidly changed the situation. Experts have been brought in to conduct studies. On one hand it means that sex workers are being noticed and given an existence. On the other hand, they are noticed only as possible carriers of HIV and AIDS, thus further enhancing the stigma against them as "untouchable."

Bangladesh is inscribing the same history as many other countries in the beginning of an HIV epidemic. As a result of social discrimination, several brothels have been attacked and demolished. Sometimes the attacks are initiated by the righteous men of "pure society," sometimes by religious groups and sometimes by government supported law enforcers. Whichever the group may be, the motive is simple - clean up society's garbage.

Brothels are essentially no different from slums in urban areas or villages in rural areas. Many tiny rooms on both sides of a lane with people going in and out of the rooms or sitting around talking over the glasses of local wine. Children chase each other in the midst of laughter. Shelter is provided to thousands of women who have absolutely no where to go. It is a place of desperation, violence and exploitation, yet it is a place where true feelings can be expressed without any apprehension.

 

Statement:

I have been working as a freelance documentary photographer in Dhaka since 1988 and produced several bodies of work with a focus on the social issues addressing the problems of urban women and children. My family's migration to Pakistan, resulting from the liberation war of Bangladesh, forced me to work as a child labourer in garment factories and to scavenge on the streets of Karachi. The odd jobs I did during my childhood, which then enabled me to support my family and the education of my siblings, now contribute enormously towards a better understanding of people living at the very bottom of social ladder in Bangladesh.

In 1990, just two years after returning to Bangladesh, I unknowingly walked into a brothel where I met a group of sex workers for the first time in my life. It was shocking to see the extent of social disgust and degradation against them by a society I belonged. This experience lead me to start a self supported photography project with the sex workers and their children in Bangladesh called "Daughters of Darkness". My interest and needs to understand the issues better also took me to neighboring countries like Nepal, India and Pakistan.

Between other short commercial assignment to keep afloat, I am continuing to collect information and images to address rapidly deteriorating condition of sex workers. My aim is not to prescribe some solution but rather to just raise some questions and to bring the plight of sex workers in the light.

Captions:

#1 A young girl hides her face using her kameez (a shirt worn by girls in Bangladesh). Kandupatti brothel, Dhaka

#2 Standing under and old decaying building, young girls wait for customers in Kandupatti. Kandupatti brothel, Dhaka

#3 While two other prostitutes look on, a prostitute tries to entice a client, her arms locked around his waist. At 20-50 Taka charged per customer, and a minimum of 600 Taka needed for daily upkeep, the competition for customers is intense. Kandupatti brothel, Dhaka

#4 In a crowed walkway, a sex worker fights with her client who refuses to pay the price they agreed on. Fights are so common in Kandupatti, that others usually fail to take notice and go about their business unconcerned. Kandupatti brothel, Dhaka.

#5 The mother of this young girl works as a maid-servant for sardarni (madam) and the sex workers in the brothel. While waiting for her mother, she plays with other children in the brothel and helps sardarni and the sex workers to buy items like cigarettes and tea for clients. Tanbazar brothel. Narayanganj

#7 A minor girl child, daughter of a prostitute, amongst the clients in the background and a passer by prostitute in the foreground. Growing up in a brothel environment doesn't leave children with many options and usually turns them into young prostitutes. Kandupatti brothel, Dhaka.

#8 Emotions run high amongst women in Kandupatti.

#9 Both smiling, a prostitute kisses another on the cheek, an uncommon public display of affection in Bangladesh. Kandupatti brothel, Dhaka

#10 Taking shelter from the rain under an awning, a young girl enjoys a rare moment of intimacy with one of her regular clients. Kandupatti brothel, Dhaka

#11 Shilpi, a 20-year-old woman, lies in the arms of her client-boyfriend Sarwar in the Saeedpur brothel. Sarwar wants her to leave the brothel and marry him, but she is reluctant to do so without financial guarantees. Saeedpur, a northern town in Bangladesh.

#13 A woman attempts to drag a reluctant man into her ramshackle hut At a paltry 41 cents to $1 per client, it take 20 or so customers a day for women at the Kandupatti to make ends meet, and competition for client is fierce. Kandupatti brothel, Dhaka

#14 Blood streaking down her face, a sex worker stands in the Kandupatti brothel after being beaten by a client during a payment dispute.

#15 Hina takes a puff of marijuana from a customer's pipe in a brothel in Jessore. It is common for clients to demands sex and other services including participation of prostitutes in drinking and using drugs. Once addicted to alcohol and drugs, it becomes even more difficult for women to break free from the brothel's confinements. Marwari Mandir brothel, Jessore.

#16 In a room slightly larger than her bed, an exhausted young girl takes moment's rest before receiving next customer in a century old brothel in Tanbazar. Tanbazar brothel, Narayanganj

#19 "No matter how hard you try, you won't even come close to under-standing our grief," says Najma, a 14-year-old girl. She fled Dhaka's red-light district Kandupatti with her boy friend, only to return disillusioned to her old ways after he stole her savings and tried to sell her to another brothel in Jessore, a town bordering India. Kandupatti brothel, Dhaka

#20 A sex worker making a face. Kandupatti brothel, Dhaka

For additional information on the photographer:

http://www.sfcamerawork.org/past_exhibits/Motherjones.html

http://www.motherjones.com/mother_jones/JA00/toc.html

http://www.motherjones.com/photofund/

http://www.tve.org/news/doc.cfm?aid=388