D. H. Ramsey Library Special Collections and University Archives

bmcmac_bmcc34_001.jpg (365640 bytes)

BLACK MOUNTAIN COLLEGE
MUSEUM + ARTS CENTER COLLECTION

Title Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center Collection
Identifier http://toto.lib.unca.edu/findingaids/mss/black_mountain_college/default_BMCM+AC.htm
Creator Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center
Alt. Creator D.H. Ramsey Library, Special Collections
Subject Keyword Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center ; Black Mountain College ; colleges ; experimental community ;  Progressive education ;  higher education ; liberal arts ;  Progressives ; Bauhaus ; German immigration ; immigrants ; Marcel Breuer ; Walter Gropius ; John Andrew Rice ; Josef Albers ; Anni Albers ; Max Dehn ; Hazel Larsen Archer ; Buckminster Fuller ; Ruth Asawa ; Charles Olson ; Robert Rauschenberg ; Merce Cunningham ; John Cage ; Robert Creeley ; Jonathan Williams ; Franz Kline ; photography ; Appalachia ;  education ; National Historical Register ; architecture ; farms ; farming ; craft ; art ; painting ; printmaking ; textiles ; weaving ; ceramics ;  music ; mathematics ; dance ; science ; literature ; poetry ; mural art ; art criticism ; art critics ; biography ; WWII ; libraries ;
Subject LCSH Black Mountain College (Black Mountain, N.C.)
Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center (Asheville, N.C.)
Arts -- Study and teaching (Higher) -- North Carolina -- Black Mountain  
Art criticism
Art -- Philosophy
Albers, Anni (1899-1994)
Albers, Josef (1888-1976)
Archer, Hazel Larsen (1921-2001)
Asawa, Ruth (1926- )
Bolotowsky, Ilya (1907-1981)
Cage, John (1912-1992)
Corkran, David (1902-)
Creeley, Robert (1926-2005)
Cunningham, Merce (1919-)
Dehn, Max Wilhelm (1878-1952)
Dreier, Theodore (1902-1997)
Evarts, John
Fuller, (Richard) Buckminster (1895-1983)
Gray,
Francine du Plessix  b. 1930-   
Gregory, Mary
Guermonprez, Trude (1910-1976)
Hansgirg, Fritz (1891?-1949)
Jalowetz, Johanna
Kline, Franz (1910-1962)
Levi, Albert William (1911-1988)
Lowinsky, Edward Elias (1908-1985)
Mayer, Franziska
Miller, Herbert A. (1875-1951)
Niebyl, Karl H. (1906-)
Olson, Charles (1910-1970)
Rauschenberg, Robert (1925-2008)
Rice, John Andrew (1888-1968)
Richards, Mary Caroline (1916-1999)
Rondthaler, Theodore Edward (1899-1966)
Schlesinger, Charlotte
Wallen, John Louis

Williams, Jonathan,1929-2008
Education -- Appalachian Region Rural schools -- Appalachian Region,  Southern
Schools -- Appalachian Region
Description
"The Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center (BMCM+AC) was founded in 1993 to honor and pay tribute to the spirit and history of Black Mountain College and to acknowledge the College's role as a forerunner in progressive, interdisciplinary education with a focus on the arts. Emphasizing the individual rather than the institution, the College had striking success in producing creative people of great talent and originality. Black Mountain College left both a remarkable legacy in the arts and an important educational model."

A cooperative agreement between the University of North Carolina and the Black Mountain College + Arts Center was completed in August of 2009. This collaboration will allow controlled (physical and digital) access to the photographic materials, documents, correspondence, and publications of Black Mountain College and to newly created materials about the experimental college that existed in Black Mountain, NC between 1933 and 1957. As they are inventoried, materials will be brought to the University of NC Asheville for the use of the Museum, the University and the public. 

The scale of the collection is not yet determined, and will be dependent on the final inventory and the incremental process of moving collections to UNCA.  It is planned that the transition of materials to UNCA will occur by late 2009 or early 2010.  The scope of the collection includes the core years of 1933-1957, but will extend to the present day as new programs, exhibits, and publications are completed by the Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center.

Few art objects or original works of art are planned to accompany the archival material at UNCA and any inquiries regarding holdings of that nature must be addressed to the Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center.

 
Date original 1933-1957
Date digital 2008-10-28
Publisher UNC Asheville, Special Collections
Contributor Various
Type Source type:
Format Collection ; image ; document
Source Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center
Language English
Relation
BOOKS ABOUT: Martin Duberman. Black Mountain College, An Exploration in Community. E.P. Dutton, 1972. A study of the college as an experimental educational community ; Mary Emma Harris. The Arts at Black Mountain College. The MIT Press, 1987. An illustrated history of the arts programs at Black Mountain College, described within the context of the college’s general history and educational ideals. Extensive bibliography ; Vincent Katz, ed. Black Mountain College: Experiment in Art. Essays by Vincent Katz, Martin Brody, Robert Creeley and Kevin Power. The MIT Press, 2002 ; Caroline Collier and Michael Harrison, curators. Starting at Zero: Black Mountain College 1933-57. Essays by Mary Emma Harris, Christopher Benfey, Eva Diaz, Edmund de Waal, Jed Perl. Bristol: Arnolfini and Cmabridge: Kettle's Yard, 2005 ;  MEMOIRS, AUTOBIOGRAPHY: Mervin Lane, editor. Black Mountain College, Sprouted Seeds, An Anthology of Personal Accounts. University of Tennessee Press, 1990. Memoirs and biographies of Black Mountain College students and faculty ; Fielding Dawson. The Black Mountain Book. E.P. Dutton,1970. Expanded and revised edition: North Carolina Wesleyan College Press, 1991. A personal memoir of Dawson’s experience as a student at Black Mountain College ; John Andrew Rice. I Came Out of the Eighteenth Century.  New York and London: Harper and Brothers, 1942.  The last two chapters describe Rollins College and Black Mountain College. Later editions omit these chapters ; Michael Rumaker. Black Mountain Days. Black Mountain College Museum and Arts Center, 2003 ; Robert Sunley. Student Experience in Experimental Education in the Early Years (1933-43).  Emil Willimetz. Gringo: The Making of a Rebel. Peter E. Randall, Publisher, 2003 ; "Max Dehn and Black Mountain College," by R. B. Sher, in the The Mathematical Intelligencer, Vol. 16, No. 1, 1994 ;

Black Mountain College Collections 1933 - 1954 in the NC State Archives. North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources. Division of Archives and History. Raleigh, North Carolina. 

  • The Black Mountain College Papers.  When the college closed, Charles Olson first put the college papers in storage with the Library of Congress. To accommodate students who needed transcripts, Olson transferred and deposited the papers with the State Archive in 1963 on the condition that the State archive service transcripts. The papers include faculty and Board of Fellows meeting minutes; general files (correspondence, course lists and descriptions, summer session files, college publications, publicity files, etc.); faculty files; financial files; student files; student course cards; and hundreds of photographs.
     
  • The Black Mountain College Research Project Papers.  A collection of documents collected by the Black Mountain College Research Project (1970-72), sponsored by the North Carolina Museum of Art, supported by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities, Mary Emma Harris, Research Director. The papers include hundreds of photographs and slides; files on objects created at the college; taped interviews and transcripts; and general files.
     
  • Private Collections of scholars and of former faculty and students.  The collection includes Martin Duberman's Black Mountain Papers.

Black Mountain College Project.  Led by scholar and independent researcher, Mary Emma Harris, the Project is comprised of the research and materials assembled by Mary Emma Harris and include extensive (200 +) taped and videotaped interviews with Black Mountain College community members. It aims to

  • "ensure that the history and influence of Black Mountain College are preserved and documented for future generations. The Project was formed with the conviction that the story of this unique educational experiment is of lasting interest and that the memories of those who taught and studied at Black Mountain College are critical to an understanding of the dynamics and accomplishments of that community." 
  • disseminate information about Black Mountain College through a  website.
  •  specific goals of the project include:

    • The preservation of primary documents such as photographs, student notes, correspondence and journals.

    • The transcription and releasing of interviews.

    • The preparation of faculty and student biographies.

    • The creation of a catalogue of objects and works created at the college.

    • The dissemination of information about Black Mountain College through publication and other means.

North Carolina Wesleyan College. Rocky Mount, North Carolina. Elizabeth Braswell Pearsall Library. Black Mountain Collection. North Carolina Wesleyn College holds papers of the College as they were the recipient of many of the books and papers of the College when it closed

University of Connecticut at Storrs. Thomas J. Dodd Research Center, University Libraries. American and English Literature Collection. Papers of Charles Olson, Fielding Dawson, Edward Dorn, Joel Oppenheimer, Michael Rumaker, Oyez Press and Beat Poets

The Josef and Anni Albers Foundation.  A not-for-profit organization with a mission to  further “the revelation and evocation of vision through art”  and to " preserving and promoting the enduring achievements of both Josef and Anni Albers, and the aesthetic and philosophical principles by which they lived."

John Andrew Rice Papers at Appalachian State University, Carol G. Belk Library

Fully Awake: Black Mountain College . A documentary film created by filmmakers Cathryn Davis [Zommer] and Neely House that explores' "education in a democracy," and highlights the College's belief that the creative arts and practical responsibilities are equally important to intellectual development."'

The Merce Cunningham Dance Foundation, Inc. records, 1938-2003. "exists to support, sustain, and further the wide ranging creative activities of Merce Cunningham (choreographer, teacher, and artist) and of the Merce Cunningham Studio."

Jargon Society Collection. SUNY at Buffalo.  "... Features an extensive collection of materials relating to the long and influential life of the press, including numerous manuscripts and correspondence from such American and English poets as Charles Olson, Robert Duncan, Irving Layton, Kenneth Patchen, Ian Hamilton Finlay, Robert Creeley, Denise Levertov, Lorine Niedecker, Louis Zukofsky, and many others; production materials, financial records, and posters for Jargon Society books; the manuscripts and personal papers of Jonathan Williams; and a large number of photographs of Williams and other poets dating back to the 1940s and including scenes from Black Mountain College."

SMITHSONIAN ARCHIVES OF AMERICAN ART - Black Mountain College records Author: Black Mountain College (Black Mountain, N.C.) Accession Number: 86118424 Selected records of the Black Mountain College which pertain to the visual arts program, including minutes and attendant papers; general files; faculty files; and treasurer's files (record groups I, II, III, and VI). Photographs from the general files were microfilmed separately on roll 204.

Max Dehn Papers - University of Texas Austin, The Center for American History. " The Max Dehn Papers document the career of Max Dehn (1878-1952) and relate chiefly to his research in geometry, topology, group theory, and the history of mathematics. Most of the papers are from Dehn's years at Frankfurt University and, after his immigration in 1940 to the United States, Black Mountain College in North Carolina. Included are correspondence, notebooks, manuscripts of publications, reprints, lecture and course notes by Dehn, remembrances written by his daughter, colleagues and students, and lecture notes by Ernst Hellinger."

R. Buckminster Fuller Papers.  College of Architecture departmental records,  Emery A. Gunnin Architecture Library, Series 96, Special Collections, Clemson University Libraries, Clemson, SC.  Accession Number: 68046105.  Largely ephemeral material and  memoranda from the Fuller Research Foundation,

A. Lawrence Kocher Papers, Colonial Williamsburg Research Library,  Accession Number: 25060025. "The collection consists of correspondence, articles, lecture notes, monographs, news clippings, reviews, project and subject files, research notes, drawings, and photographic prints and negatives. Includes project files on Colonial Williamsburg, Charles City County Courthouse, Rex Stout house, Black Mountain College, and the New York World's Fair, 1964."

Mary Caroline Richards papers, 1928-1994. Getty Research Institute. Accession Number: 77798395. "The papers emphasize the period, the 1940s and 1950s, during which Richards served on the faculty of Black Mountain College. Here she formed friendships with many artists, including the musicians John Cage, David Tudor, Lou Harrison, the so-called Black Mountain poets, Charles Olson, Robert Creeley, and Robert Duncan, and in dance, Merce Cunningham and Remy Charlip. Visual artists with whom she was associated include Lyle Bongé, and Joe Fiore, as well as the many students she taught. Richards extensive correspondence (12 linear ft.) documents her warm friendships with these artists, her students, and with many others." 

Black Mountain College publications,  Black Mountain College (Black Mountain, N.C.) University of North Carolina Greensboro. Accession Number: 37039311. "One archival folder: bulletins, announcements, course descriptions, published articles, and programs. Includes 10 issues of the Black Mountain College  bulletin (1939-1953), programs from 1949 and 1951, course descriptions from 1949, 1951, 1953, and 1954, and a 3 p. mimeographed letter "To all those who care for and what it has stood for, and now more than ever stands for, in American education," dated Dec. 15, 1954, by Charles Olson and Norbert Wiener with a 1 p. mimeographed attachment by Albert Einstein."

Letters, 1940-1947, to Lewis Mumford. Black Mountain College Source: Lewis Mumford Papers, ca. 1905-1987 Accession Number: 155878916  Correspondence to Lewis Mumford from Josef Albers, Chairman of the Board of Fellows, Albert William Levi, Rector, and A. Lawrence Kocher, Black Mountain College.

Coverage temporal 1933 to present
Coverage spatial Black Mountain, North Carolina ; Asheville, North Carolina ; western North Carolina ;
Rights Any display, publication, or public use must credit Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center and the University of North Carolina Asheville, Special Collections  Copyright retained by the creators of certain items in the collection, or their descendents, as stipulated by United States copyright law.
Donor Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center
Acquisition 2009-08-14
Citation Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center Collection, D.H. Ramsey Library, University of North Carolina Asheville
Processed by Special Collections staff: 2009-08-14 
Last update 2009-09-16 ; 2009-09-29 hw ;
Context Black Mountain College + Arts Center

The Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center (BMCM+AC) was founded in 1993 to honor and pay tribute to the spirit and history of Black Mountain College and to acknowledge the College's role as a forerunner in progressive, interdisciplinary education with a focus on the arts. Emphasizing the individual rather than the institution, the College had striking success in producing creative people of great talent and originality. Black Mountain College left both a remarkable legacy in the arts and an important educational model.

Through exhibitions, publications, lectures, seminars and oral history interviews, BMCM+AC is committed to spreading awareness of Black Mountain College. In 1995 we organized a Black Mountain College reunion for former faculty and students. Other ongoing projects include a website www.blackmountaincollege.org and the development of a permanent collection to provide safe storage for artwork and historical materials related to the College.

In the fall of 2003, BMCM+AC moved into a leased storefront space in downtown Asheville at 56 Broadway. This facility serves as our office, exhibition and event venue, and resource center with a storage area for our collection. The Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center aspires to provide a place where multifaceted programming can occur in an energetic and beautiful environment. We seek to provide a forum where people from a variety of backgrounds in both the arts and sciences can interact so that art, ideas and discourse are integrated with an emphasis on process rather than product. We offer presentations to the community through exhibitions, performances, films and lectures. BMCM+AC strives to create an environment where individual uniqueness and group commonality come together in a way that is mutually reinforcing.

The home of the Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center provides a way to preserve the energy, vision, and accomplishment that made Black Mountain College one of the most creative educational forces of the 20th century. At the same time, BMCM+AC sponsors new programs to promote an innovative and experimental approach to today's issues and concerns. Thus the Black Mountain College Museum and Arts Center preserves and perpetuates the guiding spirit of historic Black Mountain College as an inspiration for contemporary society. If you are interested in participating please let us know.

Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center
P.O. Box 18912 56 Broadway
Asheville, NC 28814 Asheville, NC 28801
www.blackmountaincollege.org
828-350-8484
bmcmac@bellsouth.net
[Flyer produced by Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center]

Black Mountain College: An Introduction

The story of Black Mountain College begins in 1933 and comprises a fascinating chapter in the history of education and the arts. Conceived by John A. Rice, a brilliant and mercurial scholar who left Rollins College in a storm of controversy, Black Mountain College was born out of a desire to create a new type of college based on John Dewey's principles of progressive education. The events that precipitated the College's founding occurred simultaneously with the rise of Adolf Hitler, the closing of the Bauhaus by the Nazis, and the beginning of the persecution of artists and intellectuals on the European continent. Some of these people found their way to Black Mountain, either as students or faculty. Meanwhile, the United States was mired in the Great Depression, and Franklin Roosevelt, committed to putting people back to work, established the Public Works Arts Project (a precursor of the WPA).

The founders of the College believed that the study and practice of art were indispensable aspects of a student's general liberal arts education, and they hired Josef Albers to be the first art teacher. Speaking not a word of English, he and his wife Anni left the turmoil in Hitler's Germany and crossed the Atlantic Ocean by boat to teach art at this small, rebellious college in the mountains of North Carolina.

Black Mountain College was fundamentally different. It was owned and operated by the faculty and was committed to democratic governance and to the idea that the arts are central to the experience of learning. There were no grades, and each student participated fully in their educational path and timetable. All members of the College community took part in its operation, including farm work, construction projects and kitchen duty. Located in the midst of the beautiful North Carolina mountains near Asheville, the secluded environment fostered a strong sense of individuality and creative intensity within the small College community.

Legendary even in its own time, Black Mountain College attracted and created maverick spirits, some of whom went on to become well-known and extremely influential individuals in the latter half of the 20th century. A partial list includes people such as Willem and Elaine de Kooning, Robert Rauschenberg, Josef and Anni Albers, Jacob Lawrence, Merce Cunningham, John Cage, Cy Twombly, Kenneth Noland, Ben Shahn, Franz Kline, Arthur Penn, Buckminster Fuller, M.C. Richards, Francine du Plessix Gray, Charles Olson, Dorothea Rockburne and many others, famous and not-so-famous, who have impacted the world in a significant way. Even now, decades after its closing in 1956, the powerful influence of Black Mountain College continues to reverberate. [Flyer produced by Black Mountain College Museum + Arts Center]

Series  

Series I

BMC Publications (includes Catalogs, Announcements, Bulletins, broadsides, Newsletters, and flyers)

BMCM+AC Publications (includes announcements, museum exhibit information, newsletters, flyers, etc.)
Series II Correspondence
Series III Documents
     A Misadventure in Education, Announcement
Series IV Biography
Series V Photographs - Misc.

Kenelm Winslow Fotofolio (photograph album) 

Series VI Scrapbooks

Jennifer Pickering Scrapbook of Newspaper Clippings

Series VII Inventory of Fine Art and Objects
Series VIII Bibliography