Turabian Style

Examples of Footnotes and
Bibliographic Entries
(based on 6th edition)

Footnotes or Endnotes and a Bibliography are required in Turabian Style..

Footnotes or Endnotes: In the text, the note reference follows the passage to which it refers and is marked with an arabic numeral typed slightly above the line (superscript). Notes are arranged numerically at the foot (Footnotes) of the page or at the end (Endnotes) of the essay, article, or book. Notes include complete bibliographic information when cited for the first time.

Bibliography: Lists only sources used in writing the paper. Entries are arranged alphabetically by author's surname and include complete bibliographic information.

See the following examples for more information. Note the difference in form and punctuation.

Type of entry Note Entry Form Bibliography Form
Book, one author Daniel A. Weiss, Oedipus in Nottingham: D.H. Lawrence (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1962), 62. Weiss, Daniel A. Oedipus in Nottingham: D.H. Lawrence. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1962.
Book, two authors Walter E. Houghton and G. Robert Strange, Victorian Poetry and Poetics (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959), 27 Houghton, Walter E., and G. Robert Strange. Victorian Poetry and Poetics. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959.
Book, 3+ authors / Book in a series Jaroslav Pelikan and others, Religion and the University, York University Invitation Lecture Series (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1964), 109. Pelikan, Jaroslav, M.G. Ross, W.G. Pollard, M.N. Eisendrath, C. Moeller, and A. Wittenberg. Religion and the Uni- versity. York University Invitation Lecture Series. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1964.
Book, no author given New Life Options: The Working Women's Resource Book (New York: McGraw- Hill, 1976), 42. New Life Options: The Working Women's Re- source Book. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1976.
Institution, association, or the like, as "author" American Library Association, ALA Handbook of Organization and 1995/1996 Membership Directory (Chicago: American Library Association, 1995), MD586. American Library Association. ALA Handbook of Organization and 1995/1996 Membership Directory. Chicago: American Library Association, 1995.
Editor or compiler as "author" J.N.D. Anderson, ed., The World's Religions (London: Inter- Varsity Fellowship, 1950), 143. Anderson, J.N.D., ed. The World's Religions. London: Inter-Varsity Fellowship, 1950.
Edition other than the first William R. Shepherd, Historical Atlas, 8th ed. (New York: Barnes & Noble, 1956), 62. Shepherd, William R. Historical Atlas, 8th ed. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1956.
Reprint edition Gunnar Myrdal, Population: A Problem for Democracy (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1940; reprint, Gloucester, MA: Peter Smith, 1956), 9. Myrdal, Gunnar. Population: A Problem for Democracy. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1940. Reprint, Gloucester, MA: Peter Smith, 1956.
Component part by one author in a work by another Paul Tillich, "Being and Love," in Moral Principles of Action, ed. Ruth N. Anshen (New York: Harper & Bros., 1952), 663. Tillich, Paul. "Being and Love." In Moral Principles of Action, ed. Ruth N. Anshen, 661-72. New York: Harper & Bros., 1952.
Electronic document: From Internet William J. Mitchell, City of Bits: Space, Place, and the Infobahn [book on-line] (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995, accessed 29 September 1995); available from http://www-mitpress.mit.edu:80/ City_of_Bits/Pulling_Glass/ index.html; Internet. Mitchell, William J. City of Bits: Space, Place, and the Infobahn [book on- line]. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995, accessed 29 September 1995; available from http://www-mitpress. mit.edu:80/City_of_Bits/Pulling_Glass/ index.html; Internet.
Encyclopedia, unsigned article Collier's Encyclopedia, 1994 ed., s.v. "Mindoro." Well-known reference books are generally not listed in bibliographies.
Encyclopedia, signed article C. Hugh Holman, "Romanticism," in Encyclopedia Americana, 1988 ed. Well-known reference books are generally not listed in bibliographies.
Interview (unpublished) by writer of paper Wilma Dykeman, interview by author, 16 July 1996, Asheville, NC, tape recording. Dykeman, Wilma. Interview by author, 16 July 1996, Asheville, NC. Tape recording.
Newspaper article "Profile of Marriott Corp.," New York Times, 21 January 1990, sec. III, p. 5. "Profile of Marriott Corp." New York Times, 21 January 1990, sec. III, p. 5.
Article in a journal or magazine published monthly Robert Sommer, "The Personality of Vegetables: Botanical Metaphors for Human Characteristics," Journal of Personality 56, no. 4 (December 1988): 670. Sommer, Robert. "The Personality of Vegetables: Botanical Metaphors for Human Characteristics." Journal of Personality 56, no. 4 (December 1988): 665-683.
Article in a magazine published weekly (or of general interest) Robin Knight, "Poland's Feud in the Family," U.S. News and World Re- port, 10 September 1990, 52. Knight, Robin. "Poland's Feud in the Family." U.S. News and World Report, 10 September 1990, 52-53, 56.
Thesis or dissertation O.C. Phillips, Jr., "The Influence of Ovid on Lucan's Bellum Civile" (Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1962), 14. Phillips, O.C., Jr. "The Influence of Ovid on Lucan's Bellum Civile." Ph.D. diss., University of Chicago, 1962.
To see additional examples not listed here, request assistance at the Research Desk at D.H. Ramsey Library, UNCA. A copy of Kate L. Turabian's - A Manual for Writers of Term Papers,Theses, and Dissertations (1996- 6th edition) and Kate L. Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations : Chicago Style for Students and Researchers (2007 - 7th edition) is available for your use in the library.